Chapter 1
PIACC
Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC)
item home
See the codebook for details……. PS_BOOKLET_ITEM.csv
party_invitations-1
party_invitations-2
cd_tally
sprained_ankle-1
sprained_ankle-2
tickets
class_attendance
club_membership-1
club_membership-2
book_order
meeting_room
reply_all
locate_email
lamp_return
item codebook
| ITEM | NAME | CODEBOOK | RESPONSE |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS1_1 | Party Invitations - 1 | U01a000S | POLYTOMOUS (0 to 3), No response (R ), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS1_2 | Party Invitations - 2 | U01b000S | MISSING (0), CORRECT (1), INCORRECT (7), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS1_3 | CD Tally | U03a000S | MISSING (0), CORRECT (1), INCORRECT (7), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS1_4 | Sprained Ankle - 1 | U06a000S | MISSING (0), CORRECT (1), INCORRECT (7), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS1_5 | Sprained Ankle - 2 | U06b000S | MISSING (0), CORRECT (1), INCORRECT (7), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS1_6 | Tickets | U21x000S | MISSING (0), CORRECT (1), INCORRECT (7), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS1_7 | Class Attendance | U04a000S | POLYTOMOUS (0 to 2), No response (R ), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS2_1 | Club Membership - 1 | U19a000S | MISSING (0), CORRECT (1), INCORRECT (7), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS2_2 | Club Membership - 2 | U19b000S | POLYTOMOUS (0 to 3), No response (R ), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS2_3 | Book Order | U07x000S | MISSING (0), CORRECT (1), INCORRECT (7), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS2_4 | Meeting Room | U02x000S | POLYTOMOUS (0 to 3), No response (R ), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS2_5 | Reply All | U16x000S | MISSING (0), CORRECT (1), INCORRECT (7), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS2_6 | Locate Email | U11b000S | POLYTOMOUS (0 to 3), No response (R ), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
| PS2_7 | Lamp Return | U23x000S | POLYTOMOUS (0 to 3), No response (R ), Not reached / not attempted (N) |
item results
important background covaraites
Random forest regression is used with τ or θ as a response and background variables in some categoires as covariates. P-value for the importance is reported. The selected categories are c(“Sampling / weighting”, “Not assigned” ,“Sampling / weighting (derived)", “Background questionnaire (trend)” ,“Background questionnaire”, “Background questionnaire (derived)”
variables
ftime: time until the first action takentime: total time of a person’s processnactionor#action: the number of actions of a person’s process
summaries
- Total or first action time has weak association with θ.
- # of actions and first action time have weak or no assciation.
- # of actions has some association with the response.
- τ and first action time has negative correaltion.
- τ and # of actions have weak or no association
- # of actions and θ time have positive correlation.
LPA
Latent profile analysis is done by tidyLAP. This R package uses multivariate Gaussian mixture models and reports many model selection criteria. See https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/tidyLPA/vignettes/Introduction%5Fto%5FtidyLPA.html
The clustering is perfomed based on person characteristics. We compare models based on our estimated parameters, observed covariates and both.
party_invitations-1, tickets, book_order: these items give more clusters using hidden traits + observed traits than using observed traits alone.
party_invitations-1
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5436.555 5508.328 5460.942 5428.555 5444.555
6 2 5157.195 5318.291 5210.845 5136.400 5171.195
6 3 5007.841 5257.449 5090.755 4975.061 5027.841
6 4 4978.291 5316.508 5090.469 4933.430 5004.291
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC Warnings
6 1 10910.498 11115.062 10978.780 10884.498 10927.498
6 2 -1594.572 -1168.675 -1453.130 -1650.586 -1562.572
6 3 -2567.803 -1920.286 -2353.202 -2654.119 -2520.803
6 4 -3213.190 -2344.358 -2925.430 -3329.501 -3151.190 Warning
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 2 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC Warnings
6 1 5511.691 5583.464 5536.077 5503.691 5519.691
6 2 -6107.032 -5946.724 -6053.382 -6127.040 -6093.032
6 3 Warning
6 4 Warning
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 1 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| AETPOP | Adult education/training population (AET) - excludes youths 16-24 in initial cycle of studies (derived) | 0.4760353 | 0.0099010 |
| FNFAET12JR | Participated in formal or non-formal AET for job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 0.5620771 | 0.0099010 |
| FNFAET12NJR | Participated in formal or non-formal AET for non job-related reasons in 12 mon. preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 0.6782908 | 0.0099010 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 1.4775310 | 0.0297030 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 1.6950860 | 0.0396040 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.6373768 | 0.0693069 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 0.9159008 | 0.1089109 |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | 1.2849569 | 0.1287129 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 1.0713545 | 0.1485149 |
| LEARNATWORK | Index of learning at work (derived) | 0.8104232 | 0.1782178 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 1.0913545 | 0.2277228 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.5536242 | 0.2475248 |
| WRITHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.3360830 | 0.2574257 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 0.5458969 | 0.2673267 |
| EARNHRBONUSDCL | Hourly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.5569200 | 0.3861386 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.5770771 | 0.3960396 |
| ISCO1C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 1-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.4600582 | 0.4653465 |
| PLANNING | Index of use of planning skills at work (derived) | 0.2950204 | 0.5346535 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.5895942 | 0.5445545 |
| ISIC2C | Industry classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISIC rev 4), current job (derived) | 0.5206061 | 0.6930693 |
| D_Q10_T | Hours per week at this job or business - number of hours (top coded at 97, Trend-IALS/ALL) | 0.4386678 | 0.7128713 |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | 0.5504840 | 0.7227723 |
| NUMWORK | Index of use of numeracy skills at work (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.2945469 | 0.7920792 |
| PLANNING_WLE_CA | Index of use of planning skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.1557439 | 0.8811881 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| J_Q08 | Background - Number of books at home | 0.0438188 | 0.0099010 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.1470972 | 0.0099010 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.1615933 | 0.0099010 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0602383 | 0.0693069 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 0.0473309 | 0.0792079 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0193539 | 0.2574257 |
| WRITHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0193950 | 0.2871287 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 0.0231479 | 0.4554455 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.0511671 | 0.5346535 |
party_invitations-2
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tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5405.320 5477.062 5429.691 5397.320 5413.320
6 2 4813.399 4974.190 4867.016 4792.841 4827.399
6 3 4634.604 4883.826 4717.465 4602.105 4654.604
6 4 4497.875 4835.859 4609.981 4453.104 4523.875
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 10528.035 10732.512 10596.273 10502.035 10545.035
6 2 8617.342 9043.348 8758.694 8561.040 8649.342
6 3 7533.600 8180.873 7748.064 7447.256 7580.600
6 4 7252.546 8121.072 7540.124 7136.176 7314.546
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5471.194 5542.936 5495.565 5463.194 5479.194
6 2 4818.378 4979.088 4871.994 4797.899 4832.378
6 3 4443.725 4692.913 4526.586 4411.259 4463.725
6 4 4397.854 4735.792 4509.961 4353.130 4423.854
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 7.5208090 | 0.0099010 |
| FNFAET12JR | Participated in formal or non-formal AET for job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 3.0103397 | 0.0297030 |
| EDWORK | Interaction between adults’ work and education status (derived) | 4.0462860 | 0.0396040 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 3.0624310 | 0.0495050 |
| INFLUENCE_WLE_CA | Index of use of influencing skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 2.3613901 | 0.0693069 |
| C_Q07 | Current status/work history - Subjective status | 1.9239820 | 0.1485149 |
| D_Q04_T | Status at this job or business - six levels (Trend-IALS/ALL) | 2.8720376 | 0.1485149 |
| NFEHRS | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education (derived) | 2.6359362 | 0.1485149 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 4.2617952 | 0.1485149 |
| C_Q07_T | Current work situation (Trend-IALS/ALL) | 1.9143029 | 0.1584158 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 3.5475500 | 0.1584158 |
| NFEHRSNJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for non-job-related reasons (derived) | 2.0954807 | 0.1881188 |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | 3.0903374 | 0.2574257 |
| ISIC2C | Industry classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISIC rev 4), current job (derived) | 3.1067881 | 0.2673267 |
| WRITHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 1.3527919 | 0.3168317 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 1.4332122 | 0.4851485 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 2.7864662 | 0.5544554 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.9518398 | 0.5742574 |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | 1.6072193 | 0.5742574 |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | 1.8104794 | 0.6831683 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 2.1720472 | 0.8019802 |
| EARNHRBONUSDCL | Hourly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 1.2542224 | 0.8316832 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 1.1310512 | 0.8811881 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.7747457 | 0.0099010 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.3920334 | 0.0099010 |
| G_Q07 | Skill use work - ICT - Computer - Got the skills needed | 0.1055491 | 0.0495050 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.3130297 | 0.0891089 |
| ICTWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0453193 | 0.4455446 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.1399846 | 0.7227723 |
cd_tally
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5441.902 5513.634 5466.268 5433.902 5449.902
6 2 5367.159 5528.666 5420.764 5345.861 5381.159
6 3 5358.972 5608.736 5441.816 5325.896 5378.972
6 4 5354.049 5692.223 5466.131 5309.040 5380.049
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 1 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 2 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 10616.761 10821.210 10684.985 10590.761 10633.761
6 2 8739.081 9165.029 8880.403 8682.777 8771.081
6 3 7151.543 7798.508 7365.962 7065.416 7198.543
6 4 6860.021 7728.367 7147.538 6743.709 6922.021
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5450.414 5522.146 5474.780 5442.414 5458.414
6 2 4077.384 4238.032 4130.989 4056.945 4091.384
6 3 3721.695 3970.906 3804.539 3689.172 3741.695
6 4 2862.139 3199.806 2974.222 2817.638 2888.139
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 13.225172 | 0.0198020 |
| LEAVER1624 | Youth aged 16 to 24 who have left education without completing ISCED 3 or higher (derived) | 3.181545 | 0.0198020 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 6.290272 | 0.0198020 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 4.230648 | 0.0891089 |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | 4.635795 | 0.2079208 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 4.174670 | 0.5445545 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| FAET12JR | Participated in formal AET for job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 0.0226119 | 0.0099010 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.0675867 | 0.0099010 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0258062 | 0.0099010 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.0417345 | 0.0297030 |
| J_Q08 | Background - Number of books at home | 0.0161170 | 0.0297030 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 0.0342809 | 0.0594059 |
| YRSGET | Imputed years of formal education needed to get the job (self-reported - derived) | 0.0302366 | 0.0693069 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.0327879 | 0.0990099 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0384570 | 0.1188119 |
| ISIC2C | Industry classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISIC rev 4), current job (derived) | 0.0289311 | 0.2178218 |
| EDCAT8 | Highest level of formal education obtained (8 categories - derived) | 0.0141250 | 0.2277228 |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0232100 | 0.2970297 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.0159185 | 0.4455446 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 0.0150712 | 0.4554455 |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | 0.0127158 | 0.7623762 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.0057798 | 0.7920792 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0015423 | 0.9900990 |
sprained_ankle-1
:#+begin_src sh :async out_dir="sprained_ankle-1/” cd $out_dir cd figure convert -density 300 tau_action.pdf tau_action.png convert -density 300 theta_tau_res.pdf theta_tau_res.png convert -density 300 time_action_more.pdf time_action_more-%d.png convert -density 300 time_action.pdf time_action-%d.png #+end_src
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5282.108 5353.809 5306.459 5274.108 5290.108
6 2 5028.547 5189.740 5082.118 5007.496 5042.547
6 3 4967.105 5216.558 5049.896 4934.234 4987.105
6 4 4949.354 5287.326 5061.365 4904.404 4975.354
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC Warnings
6 1 10725.58 10929.943 10793.763 10699.582 10742.58
6 2 -2650.57 -2225.082 -2509.338 -2706.594 -2618.57
6 3 Warning
6 4 Warning
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 2 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC Warnings
6 1 5471.117 5542.817 5495.467 5463.117 5479.117
6 2 -6367.190 -6207.009 -6313.620 -6387.231 -6353.190
6 3 Warning
6 4 Warning
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 1 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 2.2158222 | 0.0099010 |
| LEAVER1624 | Youth aged 16 to 24 who have left education without completing ISCED 3 or higher (derived) | 1.0392552 | 0.0099010 |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | 1.5162550 | 0.0099010 |
| C_Q07 | Current status/work history - Subjective status | 1.3855259 | 0.0198020 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 1.2549421 | 0.0594059 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.7734625 | 0.0891089 |
| LEARNATWORK_WLE_CA | Index of learning at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.5628345 | 0.1584158 |
| EARNHRBONUSDCL | Hourly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.9855860 | 0.1881188 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.9860484 | 0.2079208 |
| NUMHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced), categorised WLE (derived) | 0.4211173 | 0.2475248 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 0.7256336 | 0.3069307 |
| WRITHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.4139999 | 0.3168317 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.7042356 | 0.3663366 |
| LEARNATWORK | Index of learning at work (derived) | 0.7724518 | 0.4752475 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.8514091 | 0.4851485 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 0.6249595 | 0.5544554 |
| EARNMTHALLDCL | Monthly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners and self-employed, in deciles (derived) | 0.6435811 | 0.7128713 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.6363074 | 0.7623762 |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | 0.4460782 | 0.8910891 |
| D_Q10 | Current work - Hours/week | 0.5838641 | 0.9108911 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| J_Q08 | Background - Number of books at home | 0.0301127 | 0.0099010 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.0827937 | 0.0099010 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 0.1051451 | 0.0099010 |
| WRITHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0921124 | 0.0099010 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.0544875 | 0.0198020 |
| NUMHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced), categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0324993 | 0.0198020 |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0576644 | 0.0198020 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0209526 | 0.1188119 |
| LEARNATWORK | Index of learning at work (derived) | 0.0235951 | 0.3267327 |
| ISIC2C | Industry classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISIC rev 4), current job (derived) | 0.0244875 | 0.3465347 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.0222532 | 0.3663366 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 0.0084937 | 0.7029703 |
| ISCO1C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 1-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0113159 | 0.7227723 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.0118967 | 0.7821782 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0172004 | 0.7920792 |
tickets
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 4649.876 4721.566 4674.221 4641.876 4657.876
6 2 4228.453 4389.258 4282.013 4207.767 4242.453
6 3 4062.354 4311.590 4145.128 4029.665 4082.354
6 4 4033.771 4371.540 4145.758 3988.977 4059.771
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 9741.434 9945.767 9809.601 9715.434 9758.434
6 2 6976.934 7402.489 7118.135 6920.782 7008.934
6 3 5955.984 6602.815 6170.221 5869.626 6002.984
6 4 5589.996 6457.851 5877.267 5473.684 5651.996
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5391.087 5462.777 5415.432 5383.087 5399.087
6 2 3693.159 3853.480 3746.718 3672.956 3707.159
6 3 3370.270 3619.131 3453.043 3337.955 3390.270
6 4 3506.481 3844.076 3618.469 3461.861 3532.481
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 2.1231496 | 0.0198020 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 1.6894554 | 0.0396040 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 1.7446838 | 0.0495050 |
| NFEHRSNJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for non-job-related reasons (derived) | 0.8342717 | 0.0495050 |
| READWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts), categorised WLE (derived) | 1.4503579 | 0.0495050 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 1.6404999 | 0.0594059 |
| WRITHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 1.0314101 | 0.0693069 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 1.3956484 | 0.0792079 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 1.0688005 | 0.0891089 |
| ICTWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.6859478 | 0.1386139 |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | 1.7679788 | 0.1485149 |
| EARNHRBONUSDCL | Hourly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.9460383 | 0.1782178 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.9874929 | 0.1980198 |
| ISIC2C | Industry classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISIC rev 4), current job (derived) | 1.1823535 | 0.2178218 |
| INFLUENCE_WLE_CA | Index of use of influencing skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.4292938 | 0.3069307 |
| READYTOLEARN | Index of readiness to learn (derived) | 0.5313548 | 0.3960396 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 1.3939640 | 0.4752475 |
| WRITWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.4690732 | 0.5247525 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.8617603 | 0.5544554 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 0.6082405 | 0.6237624 |
| D_Q04_T | Status at this job or business - six levels (Trend-IALS/ALL) | 0.4182107 | 0.6336634 |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | 0.7363190 | 0.6336634 |
| LEARNATWORK | Index of learning at work (derived) | 0.2285450 | 0.9207921 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.0873188 | 0.0099010 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.0684523 | 0.0297030 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.0587393 | 0.0495050 |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0792555 | 0.0891089 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.0733666 | 0.0990099 |
| READHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts), categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0295889 | 0.1089109 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0288521 | 0.1782178 |
| NFEHRS | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education (derived) | 0.0203631 | 0.1980198 |
| READWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts), categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0321537 | 0.2079208 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 0.0437597 | 0.2178218 |
| EDCAT7 | Highest level of formal education obtained (7 categories - derived) | 0.0245782 | 0.2277228 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 0.0532552 | 0.2673267 |
| NUMHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced), categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0241701 | 0.2871287 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.0314467 | 0.3861386 |
| WRITHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0234279 | 0.4059406 |
| ICTWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0226457 | 0.4257426 |
| ISCO1C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 1-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0282249 | 0.5049505 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0666289 | 0.5049505 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 0.0409673 | 0.5445545 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0372888 | 0.6732673 |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | 0.0283248 | 0.7722772 |
| WRITWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of writing skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0176027 | 0.7821782 |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | 0.0217740 | 0.8811881 |
| ISIC2C | Industry classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISIC rev 4), current job (derived) | 0.0180295 | 0.8910891 |
| LEARNATWORK | Index of learning at work (derived) | 0.0135484 | 0.9603960 |
club_membership-1
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 3195.453 3261.804 3217.128 3187.453 3203.453
6 2 3161.946 3310.763 3209.632 3141.500 3175.946
6 3 3152.293 3383.561 3225.989 3119.418 3172.293
6 4 3159.872 3473.157 3259.578 3115.000 3185.872
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 1 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 2 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 6134.530 6323.912 6195.221 6108.530 6151.530
6 2 5670.979 6065.906 5796.695 5614.485 5702.979
6 3 5569.672 6169.886 5760.414 5482.942 5616.672
6 4 5543.584 6348.872 5799.352 5426.832 5605.584
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 3 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 3205.646 3271.997 3227.322 3197.646 3213.646
6 2 2940.339 3089.335 2988.024 2919.714 2954.339
6 3 2882.730 3113.981 2956.426 2849.871 2902.730
6 4 2880.659 3193.956 2980.365 2835.773 2906.659
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 14.373833 | 0.0099010 |
| AETPOP | Adult education/training population (AET) - excludes youths 16-24 in initial cycle of studies (derived) | 4.640859 | 0.0099010 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 13.353906 | 0.0099010 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 5.592832 | 0.0198020 |
| FAET12NJR | Participated in formal AET for non job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 3.717283 | 0.0297030 |
| FNFAET12NJR | Participated in formal or non-formal AET for non job-related reasons in 12 mon. preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 2.997349 | 0.0297030 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 6.754744 | 0.0495050 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 6.200792 | 0.1089109 |
| NFEHRS | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education (derived) | 4.888798 | 0.3168317 |
| NFEHRSJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for job-related reasons (derived) | 4.400971 | 0.3663366 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| G_Q07 | Skill use work - ICT - Computer - Got the skills needed | 0.0086191 | 0.0396040 |
| EARNFLAG | Earnings including bonuses reporting method (derived) | 0.0075101 | 0.0396040 |
| ICTWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0123213 | 0.0495050 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0198953 | 0.0594059 |
| G_Q08 | Skill use work - ICT - Computer - Lack of skills affect career | 0.0042630 | 0.0693069 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.0099424 | 0.1089109 |
| ISCO1C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 1-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0091321 | 0.1881188 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 0.0090213 | 0.2178218 |
| EDCAT6 | Highest level of formal education obtained (6 categories - derived) | 0.0040663 | 0.3069307 |
| E_Q09 | Last job - Hours/week | 0.0025210 | 0.3267327 |
| READWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts), categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0058231 | 0.4257426 |
| D_Q04_T1 | Status at this job or business - four levels (Trend-IALS/ALL) | 0.0038598 | 0.4554455 |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0030265 | 0.5544554 |
| YRSQUAL_T | Derived variable on total years of schooling during lifetime - top coded at 24 (Trend-IALS/ALL) | 0.0016241 | 0.5841584 |
| PLANNING | Index of use of planning skills at work (derived) | 0.0052826 | 0.6237624 |
| NUMWORK | Index of use of numeracy skills at work (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.0066305 | 0.6534653 |
| NUMWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of numeracy skills at work (basic and advanced), categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0041318 | 0.6633663 |
| D_Q04_T | Status at this job or business - six levels (Trend-IALS/ALL) | 0.0037368 | 0.6831683 |
| ISIC2C | Industry classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISIC rev 4), current job (derived) | 0.0049443 | 0.7425743 |
| D_Q10_C | Current work - Hours/week (top-coded at 60) | 0.0054921 | 0.7623762 |
| EDCAT7 | Highest level of formal education obtained (7 categories - derived) | 0.0016754 | 0.7722772 |
| INFLUENCE_WLE_CA | Index of use of influencing skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0021573 | 0.8316832 |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | 0.0054889 | 0.8415842 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 0.0055861 | 0.8613861 |
| TASKDISC_WLE_CA | Index of use of task discretion at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0017446 | 0.8613861 |
| EARNMTHALLDCL | Monthly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners and self-employed, in deciles (derived) | 0.0023484 | 0.9405941 |
| NFEHRSJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for job-related reasons (derived) | -0.0044239 | 0.9900990 |
book_order
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 3070.992 3137.343 3092.668 3062.992 3078.992
6 2 2763.965 2912.853 2811.650 2743.448 2777.965
6 3 2758.060 2989.195 2831.756 2725.317 2778.060
6 4 2759.583 3072.663 2859.290 2714.916 2785.583
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 2 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC Warnings
6 1 5832.225 6021.606 5892.915 5806.225 5849.225
6 2 4339.421 4734.053 4465.137 4283.221 4371.421
6 3 3919.151 4518.706 4109.894 3833.081 3966.151
6 4 Warning
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 3 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC Warnings
6 1 3181.591 3247.941 3203.266 3173.591 3189.591
6 2 2481.236 2629.784 2528.921 2461.058 2495.236
6 3 Warning
6 4 Warning
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| B_Q11 | Education - Formal qualification - Grant from employer | 2.039946 | 0.0099010 |
| FAET12 | Participated in formal AET in 12 months preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 1.316256 | 0.0099010 |
| FAET12NJR | Participated in formal AET for non job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 1.818654 | 0.0198020 |
| ISCO1C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 1-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 1.609067 | 0.0891089 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 1.975223 | 0.1386139 |
| EARNHRBONUSDCL | Hourly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 1.053179 | 0.2079208 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 2.005220 | 0.2970297 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 2.223969 | 0.3168317 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| J_Q08 | Background - Number of books at home | 0.0271501 | 0.0099010 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.0709937 | 0.0099010 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.0289934 | 0.0891089 |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0475137 | 0.1386139 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0389882 | 0.2376238 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.0327606 | 0.2475248 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0096426 | 0.3663366 |
| NFEHRS | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education (derived) | 0.0207122 | 0.4653465 |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | 0.0150106 | 0.5742574 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0304869 | 0.5841584 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 0.0229463 | 0.5940594 |
| NFEHRSJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for job-related reasons (derived) | 0.0019651 | 0.9207921 |
meeting_room
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 3028.185 3094.536 3049.861 3020.185 3036.185
6 2 2337.140 2485.728 2384.826 2316.924 2351.140
6 3 2233.845 2464.647 2307.541 2201.434 2253.845
6 4 2205.603 2518.707 2305.309 2160.912 2231.603
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5905.357 6094.738 5966.048 5879.357 5922.357
6 2 3923.226 4317.819 4048.943 3867.067 3955.226
6 3 3606.538 4206.399 3797.280 3520.162 3653.538
6 4 3421.805 4226.696 3677.573 3305.450 3483.805
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC Warnings
6 1 3151.879 3218.229 3173.554 3143.879 3159.879
6 2 2168.985 2317.588 2216.671 2148.754 2182.985
6 3 Warning
6 4 2086.559 2399.489 2186.265 2042.042 2112.559
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 10.574260 | 0.0099010 |
| NFE12 | Participated in non-formal education in 12 months preceding survey (derived) | 4.066070 | 0.0099010 |
| NOPAIDWORKEVER | Adults who never had paid work including self-employment in past (derived) | 2.430960 | 0.0099010 |
| NFE12JR | Participated in non-formal education for job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (derived) | 4.028282 | 0.0198020 |
| NFE12NJR | Participated in non-formal education for non job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (derived) | 3.117735 | 0.0198020 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 7.580768 | 0.0594059 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 7.175381 | 0.0792079 |
| FNFE12JR | Participated in formal or non-formal education for job-related reasons in 12 months preceding the survey (derived) | 1.744144 | 0.0792079 |
| B_Q17 | Activities - Last year - Time spend - Unit | 2.801032 | 0.0891089 |
| G_Q06 | Skill use work - ICT - Computer - Level of computer use | 4.067908 | 0.1089109 |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | 4.522780 | 0.1089109 |
| B_Q16 | Activities - Last year - Grant from employer | 4.424977 | 0.1584158 |
| NFEHRSNJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for non-job-related reasons (derived) | 5.588817 | 0.1584158 |
| PLANNING | Index of use of planning skills at work (derived) | 3.179292 | 0.2178218 |
| YRSGET | Imputed years of formal education needed to get the job (self-reported - derived) | 3.865380 | 0.3267327 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 3.549376 | 0.3564356 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 2.697814 | 0.3663366 |
| B_Q13 | Activities - Last year - Activity specified | 1.810237 | 0.4059406 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 3.448778 | 0.4158416 |
| EARNHRBONUSDCL | Hourly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 3.263442 | 0.4554455 |
| NFEHRS | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education (derived) | 3.260719 | 0.4950495 |
| LEARNATWORK | Index of learning at work (derived) | 2.990704 | 0.5049505 |
| NFEHRSJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for job-related reasons (derived) | 2.709997 | 0.5148515 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 4.420293 | 0.5544554 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 1.327060 | 0.7227723 |
| ISCO1C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 1-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 2.318859 | 0.7326733 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 3.215353 | 0.7722772 |
| D_Q10_T | Hours per week at this job or business - number of hours (top coded at 97, Trend-IALS/ALL) | 2.600368 | 0.9108911 |
| D_Q10_C | Current work - Hours/week (top-coded at 60) | 1.640815 | 0.9207921 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.2770673 | 0.0099010 |
| G_Q07 | Skill use work - ICT - Computer - Got the skills needed | 0.1497847 | 0.0198020 |
| ICTHOME_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at home, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0935616 | 0.0198020 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 0.1938268 | 0.0198020 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.2759343 | 0.0297030 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.2060004 | 0.1188119 |
| READYTOLEARN | Index of readiness to learn (derived) | 0.0308734 | 0.3861386 |
locate_email
:#+begin_src sh :async out_dir="locate_email/” cd $out_dir cd figure convert -density 300 tau_action.pdf tau_action.png convert -density 300 theta_tau_res.pdf theta_tau_res.png convert -density 300 time_action_more.pdf time_action_more-%d.png convert -density 300 time_action.pdf time_action-%d.png #+end_src
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 9.885435 | 0.0495050 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 7.626948 | 0.1683168 |
| EARNHRBONUSDCL | Hourly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 4.612719 | 0.1683168 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 2.667057 | 0.4356436 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 3.068539 | 0.6039604 |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | 2.090278 | 0.6039604 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.0244116 | 0.0198020 |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | 0.0472448 | 0.0198020 |
| ICTWORK_WLE_CA | Index of use of ICT skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0214467 | 0.0495050 |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.0339415 | 0.0693069 |
| EDCAT6 | Highest level of formal education obtained (6 categories - derived) | 0.0216979 | 0.0891089 |
| D_Q04_T | Status at this job or business - six levels (Trend-IALS/ALL) | 0.0158932 | 0.1386139 |
| NFEHRS | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education (derived) | 0.0242799 | 0.1386139 |
| NFEHRSJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for job-related reasons (derived) | 0.0150190 | 0.2574257 |
| NUMWORK | Index of use of numeracy skills at work (basic and advanced - derived) | 0.0212383 | 0.2772277 |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | 0.0186273 | 0.3168317 |
| ISCO2C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 2-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0178071 | 0.3564356 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 0.0212973 | 0.3960396 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.0083536 | 0.5841584 |
| INFLUENCE_WLE_CA | Index of use of influencing skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0063890 | 0.5940594 |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | 0.0169418 | 0.6336634 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.0002208 | 0.7128713 |
| READYTOLEARN | Index of readiness to learn (derived) | -0.0016250 | 0.7623762 |
[
lamp_return
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 2984.923 3051.238 3006.580 2976.923 2992.923
6 2 2843.422 2992.713 2891.068 2822.424 2857.422
6 3 2834.686 3066.037 2908.321 2801.606 2854.686
6 4 2837.236 3150.652 2936.861 2792.070 2863.236
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 2 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
tau and theta + naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 5305.384 5494.666 5366.025 5279.384 5322.384
6 2 4687.024 5081.824 4812.637 4630.451 4719.024
6 3 4486.831 5086.505 4677.417 4400.329 4533.831
6 4 4382.983 5187.603 4638.541 4266.480 4444.983
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
--------------------------------------------------------------
naction, spd
--------------------------------------------------------------
Compare tidyLPA solutions:
Model Classes AIC AWE BIC CLC KIC
6 1 3081.781 3148.096 3103.438 3073.781 3089.781
6 2 2727.342 2876.222 2774.988 2706.754 2741.342
6 3 2656.305 2887.444 2729.940 2623.437 2676.305
6 4 2632.494 2945.687 2732.119 2587.550 2658.494
Best model according to AIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to AWE is Model 6 with 2 classes.
Best model according to BIC is Model 6 with 3 classes.
Best model according to CLC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Best model according to KIC is Model 6 with 4 classes.
An analytic hierarchy process, based on the fit indices AIC, AWE, BIC, CLC, and KIC (Akogul & Erisoglu, 2017), suggests the best solution is Model 6 with 4 classes.
Covariates
τ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| FAET12NJR | Participated in formal AET for non job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 1.0300584 | 0.4851485 |
| AETPOP | Adult education/training population (AET) - excludes youths 16-24 in initial cycle of studies (derived) | 0.1879347 | 0.6633663 |
| EDWORK | Interaction between adults’ work and education status (derived) | 1.4991299 | 0.7524752 |
| FAET12JR | Participated in formal AET for job-related reasons in 12 months preceding survey (see AETPOP - derived) | 0.3786924 | 0.9009901 |
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | 0.6285724 | 0.9405941 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | -0.8047911 | 0.9603960 |
θ‘s covaritates:
| Name | Label | imp | pval |
|---|---|---|---|
| J_Q08 | Background - Number of books at home | 0.0135860 | 0.0198020 |
| C_Q09_C | Current status/work history - Years of paid work during lifetime (top-coded at 47) | 0.0309081 | 0.0495050 |
| B_Q11 | Education - Formal qualification - Grant from employer | 0.0081927 | 0.0891089 |
| EARNMTHALLDCL | Monthly earnings including bonuses for wage and salary earners and self-employed, in deciles (derived) | 0.0272210 | 0.0990099 |
| ISCOSKIL4 | Occupational classification of respondent’s job (4 skill based categories), last or current (derived) | 0.0092023 | 0.1287129 |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | 0.0316348 | 0.1386139 |
| NFEHRS | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education (derived) | 0.0180541 | 0.1485149 |
| PLANNING | Index of use of planning skills at work (derived) | 0.0172973 | 0.1683168 |
| G_Q07 | Skill use work - ICT - Computer - Got the skills needed | 0.0063477 | 0.2475248 |
| PLANNING_WLE_CA | Index of use of planning skills at work, categorised WLE (derived) | 0.0135498 | 0.2475248 |
| D_Q04_T1 | Status at this job or business - four levels (Trend-IALS/ALL) | 0.0102142 | 0.2871287 |
| B_Q16 | Activities - Last year - Grant from employer | 0.0101070 | 0.2970297 |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | 0.0168268 | 0.3267327 |
| ISCO1C | Occupational classification of respondent’s job at 1-digit level (ISCO 2008), current job (derived) | 0.0116369 | 0.3564356 |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | 0.0133331 | 0.3564356 |
| NFEHRSNJR | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education for non-job-related reasons (derived) | 0.0106176 | 0.3762376 |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | 0.0165097 | 0.3861386 |
| READYTOLEARN | Index of readiness to learn (derived) | 0.0042571 | 0.4950495 |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | 0.0033957 | 0.4950495 |
| D_Q10 | Current work - Hours/week | 0.0133820 | 0.6039604 |
| D_Q10_T | Hours per week at this job or business - number of hours (top coded at 97, Trend-IALS/ALL) | 0.0105554 | 0.8019802 |
gender difference
Wilcoxon p-values for gender difference in τ and θ
| output | τ | θ |
|---|---|---|
| party_invitations-1/ * | 0.1755171 | 0.3172373 |
| party_invitations-2/ | 0.4404884 | 0.6082382 |
| cd_tally/ | 0.07097494 | 0.09468705 |
| sprained_ankle-1/ | 0.01260001 | 0.6150152 |
| tickets/ * | 0.08539706 | 0.730782 |
| club_membership-1/ | 0.3772467 | 0.1507705 |
| book_order/ * | 0.9709181 | 0.3778057 |
| meeting_room/ | 0.4096292 | 0.04091108 |
| locate_email/ | 0.991704 | 0.7721417 |
| lamp_return/ | 0.03020509 | 0.86869 |
* is used to denote items justified by LPA.
clustering
ftime = timestamp[1] / 1000, naction = n(), time = timestamp[n()] / 1000, spd = naction / (ftime - time)
- τ: person’s baseline hazard for action transition
- θ: person’s xxx to jump to a similar action for the next one
| Name | Label | Value scheme |
|---|---|---|
| AGEG5LFS | Age groups in 5-year intervals based on LFS groupings (derived) | Derived - Age groups in equal 5 year intervals (1-10) |
| NFEHRS | Number of hours of participation in non-formal education (derived) | NA |
| EARNHRDCL | Hourly earnings excluding bonuses for wage and salary earners, in deciles (derived) | Derived - Decile |
| LEARNATWORK | Index of learning at work (derived) | NA |
| ICTHOME | Index of use of ICT skills at home (derived) | NA |
| ICTWORK | Index of use of ICT skills at work (derived) | NA |
| INFLUENCE | Index of use of influencing skills at work (derived) | NA |
| NUMHOME | Index of use of numeracy skills at home (basic and advanced - derived) | NA |
| NUMWORK | Index of use of numeracy skills at work (basic and advanced - derived) | NA |
| READHOME | Index of use of reading skills at home (prose and document texts - derived) | NA |
| READWORK | Index of use of reading skills at work (prose and document texts - derived) | NA |
| TASKDISC | Index of use of task discretion at work (derived) | NA |
| WRITHOME | Index of use of writing skills at home (derived) | NA |
| WRITWORK | Index of use of writing skills at work (derived) | NA |
party_invitations-1
Response: the larger, the better
clustering w/ tau and theta
| tau | theta | naction | spd | res | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.06 (1.10) | -1.49 (0.96) | 0.08 (3.72) | -4.43 (11.77) | 0.43 (1.13) | 7.00 (0.00) |
| 0.02 (0.65) | 0.63 (0.43) | -0.21 (0.38) | 0.03 (0.00) | 2.77 (0.56) | 443.00 (0.00) |
| -0.65 (0.57) | -0.58 (1.11) | -0.28 (0.70) | 0.03 (0.00) | 1.18 (1.32) | 309.00 (0.00) |
| 0.83 (1.33) | -0.43 (0.89) | 0.84 (1.51) | 0.03 (0.00) | 1.90 (1.24) | 211.00 (0.00) |
clustering w/o tau and theta
| naction | spd | CPROB1 | CPROB2 | res | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.82 (4.16) | -3.09 (9.85) | 0.98 (0.05) | 0.02 (0.05) | 0.70 (1.25) | 10.00 (0.00) |
| -0.02 (0.90) | 0.03 (0.00) | 0.00 (0.01) | 1.00 (0.01) | 2.07 (1.23) | 960.00 (0.00) |
tickets
Response: the smaller, the better
mean
| tau | theta | naction | spd | res |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -0.4123013 | 0.1939430 | 0.0105633 | 0.2949513 | 3.710588 |
| 0.9344900 | -0.6655596 | 0.3971435 | 0.1263112 | 5.219081 |
| 1.1296467 | -1.7866636 | -1.9230219 | -1.9932064 | 7.000000 |
| -0.9718218 | 1.3403763 | 0.1527688 | -0.0648598 | 3.145251 |
sd
| tau | theta | naction | spd | res |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.4111353 | 0.384638 | 0.6375695 | 0.2628682 | 2.989527 |
| 0.9065238 | 0.553052 | 1.2095532 | 0.3520752 | 2.745995 |
| 0.9047816 | 1.085768 | 0.1671354 | 2.6734464 | 0.000000 |
| 0.2688267 | 0.354953 | 0.5181867 | 0.3940398 | 2.883724 |
n
| tau | theta | naction | spd | res |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 425 | 425 | 425 | 425 | 425 |
| 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 | 283 |
| 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 |
| 179 | 179 | 179 | 179 | 179 |
book_order
Response: the larger, the better
w/ tau and theta
| tau | theta | naction | spd | res | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -0.18 (0.88) | 0.37 (0.49) | 0.21 (0.68) | 0.11 (0.42) | 2.27 (2.45) | 450.00 (0.00) |
| 0.83 (1.06) | -1.67 (0.83) | -1.34 (0.12) | -0.25 (0.80) | 6.32 (1.92) | 88.00 (0.00) |
| 0.31 (1.32) | -0.79 (1.73) | 0.95 (2.48) | -0.96 (3.97) | 4.23 (3.05) | 26.00 (0.00) |
w/o tau and theta
| naction | spd | CPROB1 | CPROB2 | res | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -0.04 (0.83) | 0.08 (0.45) | 0.99 (0.03) | 0.01 (0.03) | 2.91 (2.80) | 535.00 (0.00) |
| 0.73 (2.54) | -1.45 (3.73) | 0.11 (0.16) | 0.89 (0.16) | 4.52 (3.01) | 29.00 (0.00) |